Definition-
The most accurate instrument used for measuring the horizontal and vertical angle is the instrument known as 'Theodolite'
There mainly two types of theodolite instrument.
1. Transit Theodolite
2. Non-Transit Theodolite
A theodolite is called transit theodolite when its telescope can be revolved through 360° around its horizontal axis and in vertical.
A theodolite is called non transit theodolite when its telescope can not be completely revolved around its horizontal axis in its vertical plane.
The theodolite can also be classified as follows.
1. Vernier theodolite
2. Micro meter theodolite
3. Digital theodolite
1. Telescope
2. Altitude bubble
3. Vertical clamping screw
4. Vertical Circle
5. Eye peice
6. Plate level
7. Upper plate
8. Vernier A/B
9. Lower plate
10. Inner spindle
11. Tribatch
12. Levelling screw
13. Trivet
14. Tripod head
15. Tipod leg
In transit theodolite the following terms should understood well while manipulating a transit theodolite.
A) Centering- It means setting the theodolite exactly over a station marked. It can be done by using plumb bob.
B) Transiting- It means turning the telescope of theodolite with 180° around its horizontal axis in a vertical plane. It is also called plunging or reversing. It is used to bring its upside down and making it point exactly in opposite position.
C) Line of sight- It is also known as line of collimation. The line joining the point of intersection of cross hair to the optical centre of object glass and its continuation is known as line of collimation or line of sight. It must at right angle to the horizontal axis.
D) Axis of telescope- It is the line joining the optical centre of object glass and centre of eye peice. Axis of telescope must be parallel to the line of sight.
E) Axis of level or bubble tube- It is the straight line tangential to the longitudinal curve of the level tube at the centre of the tube. The axis of bubble tube must be perpendiculer to the vertical axis.
The most accurate instrument used for measuring the horizontal and vertical angle is the instrument known as 'Theodolite'
There mainly two types of theodolite instrument.
1. Transit Theodolite
2. Non-Transit Theodolite
A theodolite is called transit theodolite when its telescope can be revolved through 360° around its horizontal axis and in vertical.
A theodolite is called non transit theodolite when its telescope can not be completely revolved around its horizontal axis in its vertical plane.
The theodolite can also be classified as follows.
1. Vernier theodolite
2. Micro meter theodolite
3. Digital theodolite
Digital Theodolite
Component Parts of Theodolite are as follows.1. Telescope
2. Altitude bubble
3. Vertical clamping screw
4. Vertical Circle
5. Eye peice
6. Plate level
7. Upper plate
8. Vernier A/B
9. Lower plate
10. Inner spindle
11. Tribatch
12. Levelling screw
13. Trivet
14. Tripod head
15. Tipod leg
In transit theodolite the following terms should understood well while manipulating a transit theodolite.
A) Centering- It means setting the theodolite exactly over a station marked. It can be done by using plumb bob.
B) Transiting- It means turning the telescope of theodolite with 180° around its horizontal axis in a vertical plane. It is also called plunging or reversing. It is used to bring its upside down and making it point exactly in opposite position.
C) Line of sight- It is also known as line of collimation. The line joining the point of intersection of cross hair to the optical centre of object glass and its continuation is known as line of collimation or line of sight. It must at right angle to the horizontal axis.
D) Axis of telescope- It is the line joining the optical centre of object glass and centre of eye peice. Axis of telescope must be parallel to the line of sight.
E) Axis of level or bubble tube- It is the straight line tangential to the longitudinal curve of the level tube at the centre of the tube. The axis of bubble tube must be perpendiculer to the vertical axis.
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